How Do I Know If My Child Is Sick When They Can’t Tell Me?

Children and adults with limited communication skills may not be able to let their parents or caregivers know when they have headaches, gastrointestinal disorders, dental problems, mental health issues, medication side effects, sensory issues and a wide range of other medical conditions. 

The following behaviors and situations may be signs that a child or adult has a hidden medical issue that is causing pain or discomfort, and may require medical or dental care (10):

• Unusual sweating or labored breathing 

• Increased self-injury

• Increased self-stimulatory behavior (including applying pressure to body parts)

• Loss of interest in preferred foods or activities

• Unusual inattention, repetitive eye blinking, lip smacking or loss of postural tone (possible indications of seizure disorders)

• Onset of toileting accidents following successful toilet training

• Onset of difficulty sleeping or waking

• Onset of rapid or severe mood changes

• Changes in frequency or intensity of inappropriate behaviors, despite no environmental changes

• Rapid or unusual weight gain or loss

• Illnesses or allergies among other family members or peers (e.g., a sibling with strep throat)

Particularly when parents suspect that changes in behaviors have medical causes, their medical and behavioral personnel should coordinate care. Behavior analysts can attend diagnostic appointments; share data on the frequency, intensity and variability of behaviors; and take ongoing data on the effectiveness and side effects of new medical interventions.